Searching for Book of Mormon Ruins

Did the Lamanites Build the Large Stone Structures in Meso-America?

Some of our readers ask: If the larger and more technologically advanced structures in Meso-America do not match the structures or building capabilities of the Nephites, as outlined in the Book of Mormon record, then it could follow that they were built by the descendants of the Lamanites who may have had more advanced building skills than the Nephites. Does the Book of Mormon record provide any support for this view?

And we respond: We do not have a Lamanite record, only the perspective of the Nephite record. Alma stated that the Lamanites did not keep records:
And it came to pass that whosoever would not believe in the tradition of the Lamanites, but believed those records which were brought out of the land of Jerusalem, and also in the tradition of their fathers, which were correct, who believed in the commandments of God and kept them, were called the Nephites, or the people of Nephi, from that time forth—

And it is they who have kept the records which are true of their people, and also of the people of the Lamanites. (Alma 3:11–12; see also, Enos 1:16; Mosiah 10:16)
Mormon states that the Lamanites did not revere the written records and wanted to destroy them. Thus Mormon hid the Nephite records at the end of his life, so they would not be destroyed by the Lamanites:
And it came to pass that when we had gathered in all our people in one to the land of Cumorah, behold I, Mormon, began to be old; and knowing it to be the last struggle of my people, and having been commanded of the Lord that I should not suffer the records which had been handed down by our fathers, which were sacred, to fall into the hands of the Lamanites, (for the Lamanites would destroy them) therefore I made this record out of the plates of Nephi, and hid up in the hill Cumorah all the records which had been entrusted to me by the hand of the Lord, save it were these few plates which I gave unto my son Moroni. (Morm. 6:6).


Nephi records that Laman and Lemuel and the sons of Ishmael scoffed and murmured at his attempting to build a ship:
And when my brethren saw that I was about to build a ship, they began to murmur against me, saying: Our brother is a fool, for he thinketh that he can build a ship; yea, and he also thinketh that he can cross these great waters.

And thus my brethren did complain against me, and were desirous that they might not labor, for they did not believe that I could build a ship; neither would they believe that I was instructed of the Lord.

And now it came to pass that I, Nephi, was exceedingly sorrowful because of the hardness of their hearts; and now when they saw that I began to be sorrowful they were glad in their hearts, insomuch that they did rejoice over me, saying: We knew that ye could not construct a ship, for we knew that ye were lacking in judgment; wherefore, thou canst not accomplish so great a work. (1 Ne. 17:17–19)
After his people were forced to separate from the families of Laman, Lemuel and the sons of Ishmael, Nephi took the building knowledge given him by the Lord and taught it to his descendants:
Now I, Nephi, did not work the timbers after the manner which was learned by men, neither did I build the ship after the manner of men; but I did build it after the manner which the Lord had shown unto me; wherefore, it was not after the manner of men. (1 Ne. 18:2)

And I did teach my people to build buildings, and to work in all manner of wood, and of iron, and of copper, and of brass, and of steel, and of gold, and of silver, and of precious ores, which were in great abundance.

And I, Nephi, did build a temple; and I did construct it after the manner of the temple of Solomon save it were not built of so many precious things; for they were not to be found upon the land, wherefore, it could not be built like unto Solomon’s temple. But the manner of the construction was like unto the temple of Solomon; and the workmanship thereof was exceedingly fine. (2 Ne. 5:15–16)
Mormon records that many of the Lamanites lived in tents and led an idle life. Three large areas of Lamanite tent dwelling stretched for hundreds of miles along the western seashore of the two major lands of Nephi and Zarahemla:
Now, the more idle part of the Lamanites lived in the wilderness, and dwelt in tents; and they were spread through the wilderness on the west, in the land of Nephi; yea, and also on the west of the land of Zarahemla, in the borders by the seashore, and on the west in the land of Nephi, in the place of their fathers’ first inheritance, and thus bordering along by the seashore. (Alma 22:28)
Enos recorded that the Lamanites’ skill was in constructing weapons of war, such as the bow, cimeter and ax:
And I bear record that the people of Nephi did seek diligently to restore the Lamanites unto the true faith in God. But our labors were vain; their hatred was fixed, and they were led by their evil nature that they became wild, and ferocious, and a blood-thirsty people, full of idolatry and filthiness; feeding upon beasts of prey; dwelling in tents, and wandering about in the wilderness with a short skin girdle about their loins and their heads shaven; and their skill was in the bow, and in the cimeter, and the ax. And many of them did eat nothing save it was raw meat; and they were continually seeking to destroy us. (Enos 1:20; see also, Alma 3:5).


Mormon records that the Lamanites in the land of Nephi possessed skills, such as tending flocks and preparing animals:
And they said unto him: Behold, he [Ammon, a Nephite] is feeding thy horses. Now the [Lamanite] king had commanded his servants, previous to the time of the watering of their flocks, that they should prepare his horses and chariots, and conduct him forth to the land of Nephi; for there had been a great feast appointed at the land of Nephi, by the father of Lamoni, who was king over all the land. (Alma 18:9; see also, Alma 18:10, 12)
As forced laborers, the Lamanites appear to have learned several construction skills from the Nephites:
And it came to pass that after the Lamanites had finished burying their dead and also the dead of the Nephites, they were marched back into the land Bountiful; and Teancum, by the orders of Moroni, caused that they [their Lamanite prisoners] should commence laboring in digging a ditch round about the land, or the city, Bountiful.

And he caused that they should build a breastwork of timbers upon the inner bank of the ditch; and they cast up dirt out of the ditch against the breastwork of timbers; and thus they did cause the Lamanites to labor until they had encircled the city of Bountiful round about with a strong wall of timbers and earth, to an exceeding height.

And this city became an exceeding stronghold ever after; and in this city they did guard the prisoners of the Lamanites; yea, even within a wall which they had caused them to build with their own hands. Now Moroni was compelled to cause the Lamanites to labor, because it was easy to guard them while at their labor; and he desired all his forces when he should make an attack upon the Lamanites. (Alma 53:3–5)
We have no way of knowing if the descendants of the Lamanites, after the end of the Book of Mormon record, acquired the ability to build with technologies beyond those possessed by the Nephites. Certainly, there is no evidence in the record to suggest they had more advanced skills before that time.
Updated: Saturday, 27 November 2010

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Did the Lamanites Build the Large Stone Structures in Meso-America?